Interventional radiology (IR) is a specialized field within radiology that focuses on performing minimally invasive procedures using image guidance. It involves a range of techniques such as percutaneous endovascular catheter-directed therapies, selective thrombolysis, and thrombus aspiration (Posa et al., 2022). These procedures are crucial in cases where traditional medical or surgical approaches may not be feasible or have failed.
IR has evolved to become a clinically based specialty that plays a pivotal role in modern healthcare by offering minimally invasive procedures for both diagnosis and treatment (Chaple, 2024). The field was significantly influenced by Sven Ivar Seldinger, who is considered the founding father of interventional radiology, as his technique revolutionized angiography and catheter-based interventions, leading to the establishment of IR as a major therapeutic specialty (Hafiani, 2024).
Technological advancements have propelled the growth of IR, allowing for the treatment of various diseases using imaging guidance (Alchallah et al., 2020). IR has been particularly instrumental in managing patients during emergencies, chronic diseases, and even pandemics like COVID-19, showcasing its critical role within the healthcare system (Iezzi et al., 2020).
The role of interventional radiologists extends beyond diagnosis to treatment planning, interventional therapies, and assessing treatment responses (Davidson, 2023). Moreover, the field has seen developments in radiation safety, with a focus on protecting both patients and staff during IR procedures (Garg & Shrigiriwar, 2021).
Interventional radiology has found applications in diverse medical scenarios, including trauma care, management of gastrointestinal leakage, acute cholangitis, hepatic trauma, and postpancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage (강 et al., 2021; Kim et al., 2022; Entezari et al., 2021; Gilyard et al., 2020; Liang et al., 2020). Additionally, IR procedures like bronchial artery embolization have become essential in emergency situations such as massive hemoptysis (Sidipratomo & Sibarani, 2021).
The future of interventional radiology is also being shaped by advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, offering new possibilities for improving outcomes and overcoming challenges related to data limitations in IR procedures (Seah et al., 2022).
In conclusion, interventional radiology has become an indispensable part of modern healthcare, offering minimally invasive solutions for a wide range of medical conditions. Its evolution into a clinically based specialty, emphasis on radiation safety, and integration of AI technologies highlight its continuous growth and importance in improving patient care.
References #
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